As the historic center of the Roman Empire, Rome is home to numerous architectural wonders, and thanks to its rich cultural heritage, there is no shortage of sites worth exploring in this charming Italian capital. However, with so many items on offer, it can be tricky to know where to start when uncovering this metropolis’ treasure trove of archaeological gems. We’ve set out to compile a list of attractions that we think represent the best of the city’s art, architecture, culture and (of course) cuisine – read on to learn more about our must-sees in Rome.
Roman Colosseum
The Colosseum is one of the most famous historical sites in the world, and not only in Rome, it is also the largest amphitheater ever built. Built between 70 and 80 AD, the theater could hold up to 80,000 spectators and was used as public entertainment for gladiator fights, executions and animal hunts. Walk through the ancient underground tunnels or take a guided tour to explore this iconic building in greater depth. Make sure to visit the recently opened fifth floor for impressive 360-degree panoramic views of the entire arena.
Pantheon
Built by Emperor Hadrian between 118 and 125 AD, the Pantheon is one of the best-preserved buildings in ancient Rome and another world-renowned attraction. It was built on the site of a former temple – built by the Roman general Marcus Agrippa – which was burned down in 80 AD, in Piazza della Rotonda, in the center of the city. The front is inscribed with the words “to all the gods” and inside you will find the world’s largest unreinforced dome (142 feet in diameter). The interior of the dome features intricate stone patterns and a central hole that allows a beam of natural light to enter the room.
St. Peter’s Square and Cathedral
Technically not in the city of Rome, but in Vatican City (a country within a country), St. Peter’s Square remains a must see when we are in Rome. This square is actually oval shaped and surrounded by a huge colonnade with statues of historical and religious figures. St. Peter’s Basilica, an outstanding example of Renaissance architecture and one of the most famous religious buildings in the world, stands at the end of the square. Michelangelo and Bernini were the two main designers, and the interior of the basilica is arguably more impressive than the exterior. Head to the top of the dome for a spectacular panoramic view of the square.
Vatican Museums and the Sistine Chapel
Another must-see attraction in Vatican City is the 16th-century museum founded by Pope Julius II. Here you will find one of the largest art collections in the world, displayed in 54 galleries and courtyards. The Sistine Chapel, part of the museum complex and one of the most famous churches in the world, features exquisite frescoes and religious portraits. The interior was extensively renovated in the 1400s, and Michelangelo’s artwork on the church ceiling is widely regarded as one of mankind’s most inspiring artistic achievements. On the east side of the church is his painting The Last Judgment, which is probably the most famous of the frescoes.
Ancient Roman Forum
The Roman square, consisting of various temples, arches and squares, was once the center of the city’s political and public life. Today, the site consists of the remains of these buildings and is worth a visit to admire the incredible examples of ancient Roman architecture. Some notable sites located across from the Colosseum include the temples of Vesta, Saturn and Titus, as well as the Triumphal Arch of Severus.
Trevi Fountain
One of the most famous fountains in the world, the Trevi Fountain is a popular tourist attraction and it is difficult to find a time to visit without being surrounded by crowds. However, it is a beautiful example of baroque architecture that dates back to 1732 and is therefore worth adding to your itinerary. According to the fountain myth, which originated in the 1954 film “Three Coins in the Fountain,” throwing different numbers of coins into the water can bring different fortunes – one to return to Rome, two to fall in love in Italian and three to meet the person you will marry. Thanks to this myth, about one million euros worth of coins are extracted from the fountain every year and the money is used to support various charitable causes.
Flower Square Food Market
No list of must-see attractions in Rome would be complete without the opportunity to taste the city’s world-famous cuisine. The Piazza della Flora food market is the oldest market in the Italian capital, with a history dating back to 1869. Located near Piazza Navona, the colorful stalls filled with fresh fruits, vegetables, fish and flowers are a feast for the eyes and taste buds. Continue your tour of the city with some freshly baked goods or choose some ingredients for a sunset picnic.
Testaccio Market
Given that Italy has so many culinary delights, it’s impossible to narrow down the must-see food in Rome. the Testaccio neighborhood is considered the birthplace of the city’s culinary tradition, and the market is a great place to sample street food with more than 100 gourmet and fresh food stalls. We could write a full blog post about the best stalls, though there are some mouth-watering options, including creamy black pepper from Le Mani in Pasta and braised artichoke sandwiches from Mordi e Vai.
Forno Flower Plaza
Forno Campo de’ Fiori is one of the last culinary destinations, one of the oldest bakeries in Rome that has been serving warm baked goods to the city for about 500 years. Located near the Piazza della Flora food market, the bakery’s simple slices of pizza are a favorite snack for locals and tourists alike; even try the flatbreads so you can choose between an array of delicious toppings. fior di zucca (zucchini flowers, anchovies and mozzarella) is especially popular.
